Agricultural and Environmental Issues on Asian Countries

Pada
ASEAN countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand are well known as the countries that rich in environmental resource. Besides that, their economics are also depends on the agricultural products. So, the agricultural and environmental issues in the countries are the important issues that can affect their regional sustainability and need to be solved. And these are the some issues that presented after long discussion in groups based on countries about the agriculture and environment. 

The first presented issue is about the pest management on horticulture products in West Java, Indonesia. Times before, there was some pest attack in some regions in West Java such as Sumenep. The pest is a kind of worm and its attack a horticulture product like chilli, although they have spread the insecticide to the plantation. Some data says that it caused by the genetics change of the pest because of excessive expose of the pesticide.

The solutions of the issue that provided are increasing the farmer and environmental health by giving more education to the farmer. The farmers are trained to use the organic pesticide and technique for decrease the number of economic loss. Some of the techniques are pest trap, Sex Pheromone, Regufee plants, and the uses of greenhouse. 

The second issue are also from Indonesia. It tells about how to face the environmental problem caused by palm oil plantation in Indonesia. As we know, Indonesia is the largest exporter country of palm oil. But nowadays, there are some country that banned the palm oil from Indonesia because it caused environmental problem from the palm oil plantation field opening that is deforestation.  Sometimes they also use the peat land that is so rich of organic material that causes the soil degradation.

The smoke from slash and burn method that used in deforestation are caused air pollution, decrease the biodiversity, caused fire, and so many bad impact. To face and solve the problem, the solution provided are to do the field intensification and stop expanding the plantation area instead of desforestation. The intensification can be done by using the hybrid variety of plantation that produce more oil and also doing the land optimizing like agropasture. We also must do the soil and water conservation in the palm oil plantation field. 











Next, the problem that exposed from Thailand is the existence of Opium production in the past. Opium is the main livelihood source of the Thai people from long time ago. They sold the opium from poppy flower to the golden triangle area. The triangle area consists of Burma, Vietnam, and Laos. But this cause problem like morphine addicted, deforestation, and social & economic problem.
Then the King Bumiphon, the king of Thailand at that time solved the problem by the project called Royal Project. The project is to switch the agricultural activity form planting poppy flower into horticulture products. The horticulture products later sold in the royal market, airlines Company, and hotels. Now the Thai people, by the king and government help, can live their life without planting and selling opium that is dangerous and caused many problems.

The last issue that presented is environmental and social problem caused by palm oil plantation in Malaysia. Palm oil production in Malaysia gives a big contribution to reduce poverty. Besides that, the palm oil plantation also make a big problem that is soil degradation, soil pollution, and social problem. 
Felda Global Ventures or Federal Land Development Authority Global Ventures are organization that produces and become the operator of the palm oil plantation. So the solution provided by Felda GV is to maintaining the plantation management in Malaysia. The steps is by doing the multi cropping in the palm oil plantation field and use such a technology like Genetic Modification Organism (GMO). 

Salma Fadhilah
Report of Group Discussion & Presentation of Agricultural and Environmental Issues on Asian Countries
International Environmental & Agricultural Sciences Course 
ASEAN International Mobility for Students (AIMS) Program 2016
Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology 
Wednesday, September 14th 2016

Komentar

Posting Komentar

Comments are welcomed! Siapa tahu pertanyaan kamu sudah pernah dijawab, jangan lupa cek dulu pertanyaan yang sering ditanya di Jawaban Pertanyaan Umum/Frequetly Asked Questions (FAQ) ya! Jangan lupa juga centang kotak "notify me"/"beritahu saya" supaya ada notification jika pertanyaannya sudah dijawab. Terimakasih :)

Postingan Populer

Gambar

Sekilas Tentang Arsitektur Lanskap

Kadang bingung kalo mau ngejelasin cuma dengan beberapa kata karena waktu yang singkat kalo ada orang yang nanya tentang jurusan yang lagi saya jalanin sekarang. Arsitektur lanskap? Hmm, kadang jawaban yang keluar dari mulut cuma seputar arsitektur pertamanan beserta sedikit penjelasan tentang perbedaannya sama teknik arsitektur atau arsitektur interior, jurusan yang sama-sama ada kata arsitektur di dalamnya.  Bener sih, ilmu Arsitektur Lanskap itu perkembangan lebih lanjut dari ilmu awalnya yaitu Arsitektur Pertamanan. Tapi yang banyak orang pikir; bikin taman? Nyusun-nyusun tanaman di depan halaman rumah? Lah, itu mah nggak usah susah susah belajar jadi Arsitek Lanskap, tukang kebun atau tukang bikin taman pinggir jalan juga bisa! Padahal sebenernya dunia arsitektur lanskap yang belum banyak orang tau ini nggak cuma se-sempit kelihatannya. Nah, berhubung besok pagi saya ujian mata kuliah Daskap alias Dasar-Dasar Arsitektur Lanskap dan baru aja selesai baca abis slide sesi u
Gambar

#DaysInJapan: Totoro Forest

Totoro Forest is a conservation forest located in Sayama Hills, Tokyo, which is categorized as a deciduous broadleaf forest. It name, Totoro, was taken from the main character of the animated movie titled “My Neighbor Totoro” that aired at 1988 by Studio Ghibli. The location of scenes in this movie are actually inspired by actual places in this forest. Hayao Miyazaki, who is the director of that movie, is the owner of the foundation that manage this forest called National Trust of Totoro No Furusato (Totoro Hometown) or simply called Totoro Fund . From the animations he made, we can see that Hayao Miyazaki is very concerned in the environmental conservation issues. That’s why he made this foundation which is named after one of  his animation masterpiece.